Active disturbance rejection based load frequency control and voltage regulation in power systems

An active disturbance rejection controller (ADRC) is developed for load frequency control (LFC) and voltage regulation respectively in a power system. For LFC, the ADRC is constructed on a three-area interconnected power system. The control goal is to maintain the frequency at nominal value (60Hz in North America) and keep tie-line power flow at scheduled value. For voltage regulation, the ADRC is applied to a static var compensator (SVC) as a supplementary controller. It is utilized to maintain the voltages at nearby buses within the ANSI C84.1 limits (or ±5% tolerance). Particularly, an alternative ADRC with smaller controller gains than classic ADRC is originally designed on the SVC system. From power generation and transmission to its distribution, both voltage and frequency regulating systems are subject to large and small disturbances caused by sudden load changes, transmission faults, and equipment loss/malfunction etc. The simulation results and theoretical analyses demonstrate the effectiveness of the ADRCs in compensating the disturbances and achieving the control goals.