General error-based active disturbance rejection control for swift industrial implementations

In this article, a typical 2DOF active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) design is restructured into a 1DOF form, thus making it compatible with standard industrial control function blocks and enhancing its market competitiveness. This methodology integrates the previously separated components, such as the profile generator, state observer, feedback controller, feedforward terms, and disturbance rejection, into one unified structure. In doing so, certain ADRC components can be made simpler (or even obsolete) without sacrificing the nominal control performance, which further simplifies the control synthesis and tuning. A generalized version of the error-driven design is adopted and rigorously proved here using the singular perturbation theory. The experimental verification of the utilized approach is carried out using a disturbed DC–DC buck converter.